Laparoscopic spaying of a female dog

The single steps of a laparoscopic ovarectomy are shown. The trocars are placed along the line alba, with the cranial optical port just caudal to the umbellicus. The ovaries are identified, fixed and coagulated. Care is taken to identify inadvertent bleeding after transection. The ovaries are extracted through the middle 10 mm port. Fascial closure is necessary only at the 10 mm port.