The Straightest Line EVER Measured! | Quantum Hall Effect Explained

Can you find a line that’s straighter than this one? Hey guys, I’m back with another video! This one’s a long one, and in this video I discuss what I believe to be the straightest line that’s ever been measured in a science experiment. I’m sure there are examples of even straighter lines, but let’s chat about this one anyway because it’s so cool. The measured data is for a phenomenon known as the Quantum Hall Effect, named after Edwin hall who discovered the original (classical) Hall Effect. The Classical Hall Effect works on the idea that electrons moving along a length of a strip of metal (i.e. as part of a current flow) will be diverted towards one of the sides of the strip of metal if the strip is placed in a magnetic field perpendicular to the initial current flow. The idea is that as we increase the strength of the magnetic field, we expect the electrons to be pulled more to one side of the strip, thus changing the voltage in the transverse direction of the strip. However, this is not what we see. In