Viscoplasticity Enables Mechanical Remodeling of Matrix by Cells

Time-lapse video of a 3T3 fibroblast expressing RFP-Lifeact (red) in a collagen gel. Collagen fibers were taken by confocal reflectance microscopy and labeled as white. Note that collagen fibers are significantly aligned toward the cell when the cells exert forces to pull the collagen fibers. RFPactin and collagen fibers were captured at one frame/3 min using confocal microscopy. The video plays at 10 frames/s. In the manuscript, the authors characterize the degree of plasticity of collagen network deformat