Бетховен. Соната № 8 («Патетическая») до минор. Александр Лубянцев

Александр Лубянцев - XIV Международный конкурс имени П.И.Чайковского 17 июня 2011 - Л. ван Бетховен. Соната для фортепиано № 8 до минор, oп. 13 («Патетическая») - произведение, написанное в 1798—1799 годах и опубликованное под названием «Большая патетическая соната» (Grande sonate pathetique) с посвящением князю Карлу фон Лихновскому. Scores Ludwig van Beethoven - Sonata Pathetique (No. 8) Ludwig van Beethoven’s Piano Sonata No. 8 in C minor, Op. 13, known as Sonata Pathétique, was written in 1798 when the composer was 27 years old, and was published in 1799. Beethoven dedicated the work to his friend Prince Karl von Lichnowsky. Prominent musicologists debate whether or not the Pathétique may have been inspired by Mozart’s piano sonata K. 457, since both compositions are in C minor and have three very similar movements. The sonata consists of three movements: Grave (Slowly, with solemnity) – Allegro di molto e con brio (Quickly, with much vigour) Adagio cantabile (Slowly, in a singing style) Rondo: Allegro (Quickly) Grave – Allegro di molto e con brio The first movement is in sonata form. It begins with a slow introductory theme, marked Grave. The exposition, marked Allegro di molto con brio, is in 2 2 time (alla breve) in the home key of C minor and features three themes. Theme 1 features an aggressive rocket theme covering two octaves, accompanied with constant tremolo octaves in the left hand. Beethoven then makes use of unorthodox mode-mixture, as he presents the second theme in E-flat minor rather than its customary parallel major. This theme is more lyrical and makes use of grace notes and crossed hands. Theme 3 has modulated to the mediant, E-flat major, and features an Alberti-type figuration for the bass with tremolo. A codetta, with ideas from the opening allegro, closes the section. Some performers of the sonata include the introduction in the repeat of the exposition (Rudolf Serkin and András Schiff, for example), but most return to the beginning of the allegro section. This movement is one of the few compositions that contain hundred twenty-eighth notes (semihemidemisemiquavers). The development section begins in the key of G minor. In this section, Beethoven extends Haydn’s compositional practice by returning to the introductory section. After this reappearance of the Grave, the composer generates suspense with an extended dominant preparation. The recapitulation brings back the themes of the exposition in different keys: themes 1 and 3 are played in the tonic key of C minor, then theme 2 is played in the unexpected key of F minor but then returns to the tonic key. The coda is very dramatic and includes a brief reminder of the Grave before ending with a swift cadence. Ludwig van Beethoven - a crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential of all composers. His best-known compositions include 9 symphonies, 5 concertos for piano, 32 piano sonatas, and 16 string quartets. He also composed other chamber music, choral works (including the celebrated Missa solemnis), and songs. During his first 22 years in Bonn, Beethoven intended to study with Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and befriended Joseph Haydn. Beethoven moved to Vienna in 1792 and began studying with Haydn, quickly gaining a reputation as a virtuoso pianist. He lived in Vienna until his death. In about 1800 his hearing began to deteriorate, and by the last decade of his life he was almost totally deaf. He gave up conducting and performing in public but continued to compose; many of his most admired works come from this period.