From the Spanish and French valleys of the Western Pyrenees to the Atlantic coast of the Bay of Biscay, the historically isolated Basque people have lived for millennia.
In this diverse and fertile region, the Basque have retained their unique non-Indo-European language and dialects, Euskara, as well as their own cultural and regional identities. As the surrounding populations of Europe have shifted over the ages again and again, the Basque people remain.
Known today by its inhabitants as Euskadi, País Vasco, or Euskal Herria, the Basque Country has become a region famous for its cuisine and wine of ancient grapes such as Tempranillo, of traditional fishing villages and picturesque cities. Tourism has replaced much of history’s strife. But defining Euskal Herria is as difficult as defining the word Herria itself. In Euskara its root herri can mean everything from village to population to nation. Euskal Herria is the collective identity of this ancient people.
Basque Country has historically comprised of settlements located along the western edge of the Pyrenees, currently organized in seven provinces: Gipuzkoa; Bizkaia; Araba; and Nafarroa on the southern side of the Pyrenees and Zuberoa; Lapurdi; and Nafarroa Beherea on the northern side. Euskara has five main dialects, a non-Indo-European language isolate with no close relationship to any other extant language. Overall, Euskara is spoken by nearly thirty percent, or three-quarters of a million Basques. The vast majority are in the Spanish region. Only seven percent are in the French portion. The French dialects are Navarrese– Lapurdian and Souletin, and the Spanish dialects are Upper Navarrese, Biscayan, and Gipuzkoan. These dialects are sometimes mutually incomprehensible, especially in the case of Souletin. Studies suggest that these dialects branched from a unified Basque language sometime during the Middle Ages and developed according to geographical, cultural, political, and administrative reasons. Although structurally unlike any Indo European language, the official Euskara Batua today contains many loan words from Romance languages --up to 40% of its vocabulary, and a modified Latin script.
The mystery of Euskara’s long linguistic isolation has led to many theories of its origins and possible related languages. Most of these hypotheses are very tenuous, such as Basque-Iberic comparisons based on fragments of extinct variations of Vasconic, Auquitanian, and Iberian tongues, or they are based on coincidence and pseudoscientific speculation, ranging from the popular assertion that the Basques are descended from Old Testament patriarchs to the folk beliefs that Basques are related to the distant Kartvelian populations of Caucasus Georgia to a slightly more plausible relation to the ancient Chechen language, neighbors of the Georgians whose language structure appears closer to Euskara. These models of Dené-Caucasian language families might mean that the Basque and their ancestors originated from the Caucasus. But only the latest genetic studies of modern Basque samples have reached clear conclusions.
Video Attribution:
Miguel Angel Zález
Dolmen de Arrizala o Sorginetxe (Agurain-Salvatierra). Á
Senda Mágica
Dolmen Sorginetxe. Alineación astronómica.
AUDREY JACOB
Stèles basques musée basque bayonne
Ollie Bye
The History of Iberia Every Year.
Links:
Estimating the Impact of Prehistoric Admixture on the Genome of Europeans
Genetic origins, singularity, and heterogeneity of Basques
The Expanded mtDNA Phylogeny of the Franco-Cantabrian Region Upholds the Pre-Neolithic Genetic Substrate of Basques
Rome in the Construction of Basque Identity: Archaeological Arguments
Ancient genomes link early farmers from Atapuerca in Spain to modern-day Basques
A bunch of wikipedia pages with artwork and background:
(greater_region)
1 view
25
4
11 months ago 04:51:11 1
The Internationale in 95 languages
11 months ago 00:09:56 1
Les Meilleures Recettes au Piment d’Espelette
11 months ago 01:18:15 1
In Loving Memory - The Withering (full album)
11 months ago 00:28:29 1
La prophétie de Peter Deunov est confirmée 🌎 (à l’intention des étudiants du Maître Saint-Germain)
11 months ago 00:01:56 1
Spanish Carlist Anthem: Marcha de Oriamendi
12 months ago 00:13:51 1
MOTORGATE - MOTEURS RENAULT Qui CASSENT En Série. Pourquoi?
12 months ago 00:03:27 1
Yradier: La Paloma (Tariq Harb, guitar)
12 months ago 00:02:39 1
9“ 2 Din Android 12 Auto Car Radio for Honda CR-V 2 CRV 2002 - 2006 Multimedia Player Octa Core GPS
1 year ago 00:02:37 1
12.3“ Wireless Carplay Auto Android 13 Car Multimedia Display Screen for BMW 5Series F10 F11 F12 CIC
1 year ago 00:03:33 3
Basque Folk Music - Piztiak - Performed by @TartaloMusic & @IanFontova
1 year ago 00:20:06 1
Баски — происхождение, своеобразие и неоднородность. Генетическая история басков
1 year ago 00:01:46 1
A Day at the Beach 1928 - Biarritz France 1920s | AI Enhanced [60 fps 4k]
1 year ago 00:04:19 7
The Present - OFFICIAL
1 year ago 00:36:05 1
MACADAM MUSIC - En Passant Par L’Aquitaine (1978)
1 year ago 01:11:51 1
Lo-fi for Ghosts (Only) 3
1 year ago 00:55:19 1
Katia & Marielle Labèque: Documentary on the Piano Duo | Compositions by The Beatles, Mozart, Ravel
1 year ago 00:01:24 11
Tour de France 2023, Stage 4 (Dax - Nogaro), course, route, profile, animation
1 year ago 00:03:56 1
Sarasate - Miramar (Zortzico), Op. 42 in C Minor (Sheet Music)
1 year ago 00:04:18 1
Basque Burnt Cheesecake Recipe | Creamy and gooey easy cheesecake
1 year ago 00:03:32 1
Daemonlord ✠ A Godless Prayer ✞HQ✞ Lyrics
1 year ago 00:05:30 1
Ladies Basque Jacket - Vol. III, Episode 3
1 year ago 00:56:43 7
Charles Pasqua dans “L’Heure De Vérité“ | 13/02/1990 | Archive INA
1 year ago 00:01:37 1
Txoatile -single cross-arm spindle - wool spinning by hand with Basque spindle
1 year ago 00:02:11 1
Евгений Полянский. Экс “Рубиновая атака“ - JUKE BOX“. 1995