Unlike his family this young gorilla male takes his mirror training seriously in the Gabon jungle
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Anne-Marie, Xavier HUBERT-BRIERRE and their friend Michel GUISS DJOMOU installed six large mirrors in the Gabonese jungle near Nyonié in order to film the reaction of wild animals from different angles as they encounter their reflection.
Members of a gorilla family from this jungle come and go as they please in front of these mirrors. Just as in humans, self- recognition in primates is not an innate ability. The ability to recognise one’s own reflection is the result of a training process that little by little allows the human, or primate to understand the mirror’s properties:
Among young humans, this training is easier at home, in the company of their parents who have done this training and who have the words to explain to their young child the properties of the mirror. This learning in the mirror can last several weeks and it is only around the age of 2 years that the young human understands that in the mirror it is not a play partner who makes the same movements as he does. If, without him noticing, his mother puts a lipstick mark on his forehead and places him in front of the mirror, discovering this mark on his reflection, he will then put his hand on his own forehead. He will have passed the mirror test.
Among gorillas, in the insecurity of the jungle learning with his parents who have not done this and who do not speak, this is much more difficult even for intelligent individuals. This young gorilla wants to understand the mirror’s secret. He attempts to get to known this never before seen gorilla who copies its every movement. He approches the stranger, the stranger approches as well, when he tries to touch this newcomer, the newcomer also reaches out its hand but its fingers are met with a cold, flat surface rather than the warm touch the gorilla was expecting. For this reason, he checks if this other young gorilla would not be behind the mirror. He tries to press its lips against the stranger or lick its face the result is the same, once again the gorilla encounters this cold, hard surface.
The silverback considers his reflection, has come into his territory in order to steal his females. Being a non-violent he does not wish to trigger a direct confrontation and therefore he avoids looking at this intruder directly in the eyes (act of defiance in silverbacks)
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Anne-Marie, Xavier HUBERT-BRIERRE et leur ami Michel GUISS DJOMOU ont installé six grands miroirs dans la jungle Gabonaise près de Nyonié afin de filmer la réaction des animaux sauvages sous différents angles lorsqu’ils rencontrent leur réflexion.
Les membres d’une famille de gorilles de cette jungle vont et viennent à leur guise devant ces miroirs. Tout comme chez les humains, la reconnaissance de soi chez les primates n’est pas innée. La capacité à reconnaître sa propre réflexion est le résultat d’un apprentissage qui permettra, peu à peu à l’homme, ou primate, de comprendre les propriétés du miroir :
Chez les jeunes humains, cette « formation au miroir » est plus facile à la maison, en compagnie de leurs parents qui ont suivi cette formation et qui ont les mots pour expliquer à leur jeune enfant, les propriétés du miroir. Cet apprentissage dans le miroir peut durer plusieurs semaines et ce n’est que vers l’âge de 2 ans que le jeune humain comprend que dans le miroir ce n’est pas un partenaire de jeu qui refait les mêmes mouvements que lui. Si, sans qu’il s’en aperçoive, sa mère lui met une marque de rouge à lèvres sur le front et le place devant le miroir, découvrant cette marque sur son reflet, il mettra alors sa main sur son propre front. Il aura réussi le test du miroir.
Chez les gorilles, dans l’insécurité de la jungle, apprendre avec ses parents qui n’ont pas fait cet apprentissage et qui ne parlent pas, c’est beaucoup plus difficile même pour des individus intelligents. Ce jeune gorille voudrait comprendre le secret du miroir. Il tente de comprendre pourquoi ce gorille, qu’il n’a jamais rencontré auparavant, copie chacun de ses mouvements. S’il s’approche de cet étranger, celui-ci se rapproche aussi de lui. Quand il essaie de toucher ce nouveau venu, le nouveau venu tend aussi la main mais ses doigts heurtent une surface froide et plate et non le contact chaud d’une main. Pour cette raison, il vérifie si cet autre jeune gorille ne serait pas derrière le miroir. S’il pose ses lèvres contre celles de l’étranger ou s’il lui lèche le visage, le résultat est le même, une fois de plus le gorille rencontre cette surface froide et dure.
Le dos argenté, primate non violent, considère que son reflet est venu sur son territoire pour voler ses femelles. Il ne souhaite pas déclencher une confrontation directe et évite de le regarder directement dans les yeux, comportement considéré comme un acte de défi chez les dos argenté.
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