Citrus Psyllids Bribe Ants With Strings Of Candy Poop | Deep Look

Asian citrus psyllids transmit a disease that can ruin your oranges. Even worse, Argentine ants protect them in exchange for the psyllids’ delicate ribbons of sugary poop, called honeydew. So, researchers are helping orange growers fight back with invisible lasers, ghastly wasps and more trickery. SUBSCRIBE to Deep Look! Please join our community on Patreon! DEEP LOOK is a ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios. See the unseen at the very edge of our visible world. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small. --- A tiny insect called the Asian citrus psyllid is threatening your oranges, lemons and limes. Smaller than a grain of rice, the agricultural pest sucks the sap from citrus trees and in doing so spreads a disease that ruins the fruit and eventually kills the citrus trees. “It’s pretty straightforward to tell if you have an Asian citrus psyllid infestation in your citrus,” says Mark Hoddle, who leads a laboratory at UC Riverside that studies the pest and how to beat it. “Just check the tender young green leaves at the tips of the branches. If you see the white curly cues, the insect poop dripping off of those leaves, that’s almost certainly a characteristic symptom of an Asian citrus psyllid infestation.” Hoddle’s team is studying novel ways to keep psyllids out of citrus orchards, but that task is complicated by the psyllid’s relationship with another insect, the Argentine ant. “Their relationship is rather sinister,” says Hoddle. “The Argentine ants harvest the honey dew that the Asian citrus psyllid nymphs excrete because it’s nice and sugary and the ants love eating sugar. In return for providing that sweet delicacy, the ants protect the Asian citrus psyllids from their natural enemies like the predators and the parasitic wasps that we have introduced from Pakistan.” “The psyllids need protection from the ants because they lack defense systems,” says Hoddle. “They have recruited mercenaries to protect them.” So to protect the valuable citrus industry, Hoddle and his team are going after the psyllids’ ant bodyguards. -- --- What is the Asian citrus psyllid? The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) is a tiny insect, smaller than a grain of rice, that can spread a plant disease called citrus greening. The agricultural pest sucks the sap of citrus trees and produces strings of sugary poop. ---What is citrus greening? Also called huánglóngbìng or HLB, citrus greening is a disease caused by a bacterial infection that causes green bitter fruit and eventually kills citrus trees. Asian citrus psyllids transmit the disease when they feed on citrus trees. --- What does citrus greening look like? Citrus greening often causes patches of leaves to turn a blotchy yellow and fruit that is green and bitter. These yellow patches are typically asymmetric, which helps tell it apart from other issues like nutrient deficiencies. Trees eventually lose their leaves, stop producing fruit and die. --- Find additional resources and a transcript on KQED Science: --- For more information: Hoddle lab at UC Riverside --- Shoutout! 🏆Congratulations🏆 to these fans on our Community Tab for tackling our GIF challenge! All 3 answers:「Formula Zero EX」 2 out of 3: Hyperion Muhammad Haziq Hilmi 1012 Preet Budhwani hussain e IncoherentBabbler --- Thank you to our Top Patreon Supporters ($10 per month)! Burt Humburg Karen Reynolds Companion Cube Allison & Maka Masuda Daisuke Goto David Deshpande Chris B Emrick Tianxing Wang Wade Tregaskis Mark Jobes Blanca Vides Kevin Judge Laurel Przybylski monoirre Supernovabetty Roberta K Wright Titania Juang Syniurge El Samuels KW Carrie Mukaida Nicky Orino Jellyman Cristen Rasmussen Mehdi Kelly Hong Cindy McGill SueEllen McCann Shelley Pearson Cranshaw Laurel Przybylski Nicolette Ray Noreen Herrington Louis O’Neill Caitlin McDonough Elizabeth Ann Ditz Jeremiah Sullivan Delphine Tseng Levi Cai TierZoo --- Follow Deep Look and KQED Science on social: @deeplookofficial Instagram: Twitter: --- About KQED KQED, an NPR and PBS affiliate in San Francisco, CA, serves Northern California and beyond with a public-supported alternative to commercial TV, Radio and web media. Funding for Deep Look is provided in part by PBS Digital Studios. Deep Look is a project of KQED Science, the largest science and environment reporting unit in California. KQED Science is supported by the Dirk and Charlene Kabcenell Foundation, Campaign 21 and the members of KQED. #citruspsyllid